National Academy of Agricultural Sciences (NAAS)
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PRINT ISSN : 2319-7692
Online ISSN : 2319-7706 Issues : 12 per year Publisher : Excellent Publishers Email : editorijcmas@gmail.com / submit@ijcmas.com Editor-in-chief: Dr.M.Prakash Index Copernicus ICV 2018: 95.39 NAAS RATING 2020: 5.38 |
Slow sand filtration has been an effective means of treating water for the control of microbiological contaminants. Schmutzdecke is the layer of the microbial community that is responsible for treating the water through the sand bed. As water passes through this biological layer, foreign particles are trapped and essentially eaten by bacteria forms on this layer. Development of Schmutzdecke layer depends on available microbes in raw water, food supply, oxygen supply, residence time, and wetting of sand bed. Generally, 13 types of bacterial community are found in the Schmutzdecke layer, in which Pseudomonas stutzeri bacteria are dominant. Many of the researchers observed that water purification is 90 to 99% after the development of Schmutzdecke or maturity of the filter bed. Head loss of filter is also increased with the volume of water filter, but it can be easily recovered by cleaning of the upper layer of the filter bed.
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