National Academy of Agricultural Sciences (NAAS)
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PRINT ISSN : 2319-7692
Online ISSN : 2319-7706 Issues : 12 per year Publisher : Excellent Publishers Email : editorijcmas@gmail.com / submit@ijcmas.com Editor-in-chief: Dr.M.Prakash Index Copernicus ICV 2018: 95.39 NAAS RATING 2020: 5.38 |
The production of the bioethanol from the vast quantity of ligno-cellulosic (LC) biomass using cellulases and yeasts has been suggested as an alternate energy source and offers potential to reduce the burden on fast depleting fossil fuel reservoirs. The major bottlenecks in commercial production of second generation bioethanol are complex feed stocks, high cost of enzymes and non-availability of co-fermenting yeasts. Immobilization of commercial enzyme (Cellic CTec3) on five nanoparticle (Iron oxide, Silicon oxide, Magnesium oxide, Zinc oxide and Silver oxide) were studied by two different methods- physical adsorption and covalent coupling. For covalent coupling method, nanoparticles were activated with aminopropyltriethoxysilane (APTES). The enzyme-nanoparticle formulations were screened in the terms of protein binding and immobilization efficiency. Iron oxide-enzyme formulations were found to perform best with 60 to 80% immobilization efficiency. Besides better thermo-tolerance, the covalently immobilized enzyme showed better catalytic efficiency. The saccharification yields of the free and immobilized enzyme under optimized condition (60 ËšC temperature, 5.0 pH and 6% substrate loading) were compared. The commercial immobilized enzyme showed slightly lower sugar yield (314.77 mg/gds) as compared to the free enzyme (366.6 mg/gds) with 45 % enzyme activity recovery. Bioethanol production from the lignocellulosic biomass can be made economical feasible by using the covalently immobilized magnetic enzyme nanoparticle complex. Besides bioethanol, the prepared enzyme formulation can be used in textile, detergents and food industries.
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