National Academy of Agricultural Sciences (NAAS)
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PRINT ISSN : 2319-7692
Online ISSN : 2319-7706 Issues : 12 per year Publisher : Excellent Publishers Email : editorijcmas@gmail.com submit@ijcmas.com Editor-in-chief: Dr.M.Prakash Index Copernicus ICV 2018: 95.39 NAAS RATING 2020: 5.38 |
The quality of water from different sources is influenced by hydrogeological conditions, dissolved mineral constituents and local environmental inputs. The present study comparatively assessed the physicochemical characteristics of 16 water samples collected from four locations in Chengalpattu District, Tamil Nadu, India: Madurantakam, Chengalpattu town, Mamallapuram and Tirukalukundram. Each location was represented by borewell, open-well, pond and river water sources. The samples were evaluated for physical characteristics, including temperature, appearance, odour, taste, turbidity, electrical conductivity (EC) and total dissolved solids (TDS), and for chemical parameters comprising pH, alkalinity, total hardness, calcium, magnesium, iron, manganese, sodium, potassium, free ammonia, nitrite, nitrate, chloride, fluoride, sulphate and phosphate. The complete sample-wise data showed substantial variation among water sources. Temperature ranged from 29 to 31 °C, turbidity from 1 to 8 NTU, EC from 430 to 4300 µS/cm and TDS from 301 to 1302 mg/L. Pond water samples generally exhibited greater physical deterioration, including colour, objectionable odour and increased turbidity. Chemical parameters varied considerably, with pH ranging from 6.8 to 8.6, total alkalinity from 101 to 564 mg/L as CaCO₃, total hardness from 44 to 356 mg/L as CaCO₃, sodium from 20 to 310 mg/L, nitrate from 0 to 30 mg/L and fluoride from 0.3 to 1.4 mg/L. The results demonstrate pronounced spatial and source-wise heterogeneity in water quality and emphasize the need for routine, source-specific monitoring of groundwater and surface-water resources in Chengalpattu District.
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