National Academy of Agricultural Sciences (NAAS)
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PRINT ISSN : 2319-7692
Online ISSN : 2319-7706 Issues : 12 per year Publisher : Excellent Publishers Email : editorijcmas@gmail.com submit@ijcmas.com Editor-in-chief: Dr.M.Prakash Index Copernicus ICV 2018: 95.39 NAAS RATING 2020: 5.38 |
Ginger (Zingiber officinale Roscoe) is an important culinary and medicinal plant containing volatile constituents with reported biological activities. The present study was undertaken to produce ginger essential oil by hydrodistillation and to evaluate its antimicrobial, in vitro anti-inflammatory and cytotoxic activities. Dried ginger rhizomes were subjected to hydrodistillation using a Clevenger-type apparatus. Antimicrobial activity was evaluated by agar disc diffusion against Micrococcus luteus, Staphylococcus aureus, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Escherichia coli and Candida albicans using 10, 20 and 30 µL of essential oil per disc. Anti-inflammatory potential was assessed using the human red blood cell (HRBC) membrane stabilization assay, while cytotoxicity against HepG2 cells was assessed by the MTT assay at 15–240 µg/mL. The essential oil produced concentration-dependent inhibition zones against the four bacterial test organisms. At 30 µL/disc, inhibition zones were 22 mm for M. luteus, 20 mm for S. aureus, 40 mm for P. aeruginosa and 32 mm for E. coli, whereas no inhibition was observed against C. albicans. HRBC membrane protection increased from 14.86% at 5 µg/mL to 72.97% at 20 µg/mL. HepG2 cell viability decreased from 99.1% at 15 µg/mL to 51.5% at 240 µg/mL. These findings indicate that ginger essential oil possesses measurable antibacterial, membrane-stabilizing and antiproliferative activities under the tested in vitro conditions. Further work involving chemical profiling, minimum inhibitory concentration determination, appropriate statistical analysis, non-malignant cell controls and mechanistic assays is required to substantiate these preliminary observations.
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