National Academy of Agricultural Sciences (NAAS)
|
PRINT ISSN : 2319-7692
Online ISSN : 2319-7706 Issues : 12 per year Publisher : Excellent Publishers Email : editorijcmas@gmail.com submit@ijcmas.com Editor-in-chief: Dr.M.Prakash Index Copernicus ICV 2018: 95.39 NAAS RATING 2020: 5.38 |
The increasing demand for sustainable aquaculture practices has driven the exploration of probiotics as alternatives to antibiotics, which are associated with antimicrobial resistance and environmental concerns. This study focused on the bioprospecting of fish gut-associated microbes from Barramundi (Koduva, Lates calcarifer) collected from the coastal waters of Chennai, India, to isolate and characterize potential probiotic strains. The gut microbiota was homogenized, serially diluted, and cultured on selective media (MRS, Starch Casein Agar, and Nutrient Agar) supplemented with seawater. Twenty bacterial strains were isolated and screened for probiotic properties, including antagonistic activity against fish pathogens (Staphylococcus aureus, Aeromonas salmonicida, Aeromonas caviae, Vibrio harveyii, Vibrio vulnificus, and Edwardsiella tarda), extracellular enzyme production (amylase, protease, lipase, cellulase), siderophore synthesis, and tolerance to acidic pH and bile salts. Two promising strains, K5 and K8, exhibited strong antagonistic activity, enzyme production, and siderophore synthesis. Strain K8 demonstrated superior pH tolerance and bile salt resistance, surviving at pH 2 and 3% ox bile, while K5 showed higher hydrophobicity, indicating better gut adhesion potential. Both strains were Gram-negative and displayed auto-aggregation and antioxidant activity, further supporting their probiotic candidacy. The findings highlight the potential of native fish gut microbes as eco-friendly probiotics to enhance aquaculture productivity by improving nutrient absorption, pathogen inhibition, and gut health. Future studies should validate these results through in vivo trials to assess their efficacy in aquaculture systems. This research contributes to the development of sustainable alternatives to antibiotics, aligning with global efforts to promote environmentally responsible fish farming practices.
Adorian, T.J., Jamali, H., Farsani, H.G., Darvishi, P., Hasanpour, S., Bagheri, T. and Roozbehfar, R. (2019) ‘Effects of probiotic bacteria Bacillus on growth performance, digestive enzyme activity, and hematological parameters of Asian sea bass, Lates calcarifer (Bloch)’, Probiotics and Antimicrobial Proteins, 11, pp. 248–255.
Balcázar, J.L., de Blas, I., Ruiz-Zarzuela, I., Cunningham, D., Vendrell, D. and Múzquiz, J.L. (2006) ‘The role of probiotics in aquaculture’, Veterinary Microbiology, 114(3–4), pp. 173–186.
Egerton, S., Culloty, S., Whooley, J., Stanton, C. and Ross, R.P. (2018) ‘The gut microbiota of marine fish’, Frontiers in Microbiology, 9, 873.
Ghanbari, M., Kneifel, W. and Domig, K.J. (2015) ‘A new view of the fish gut microbiome: Advances from next-generation sequencing’, Aquaculture, 448, pp. 464–475.
Government of India (GoI) (2023) Pradhan Mantri Matsya Sampada Yojana (PMMSY): Guidelines. New Delhi: Government of India.
Govindaraj, K., Samayanpaulraj, V., Narayanadoss, V. and Uthandakalaipandian, R. (2021) ‘Isolation of lactic acid bacteria from intestine of freshwater fishes and elucidation of probiotic potential for aquaculture application’, Probiotics and Antimicrobial Proteins, 13(6), pp. 1598–1610.
Hai, N.V. (2015) ‘The use of probiotics in aquaculture’, Journal of Applied Microbiology, 119(4), pp. 917–935.
Kos, B., Šušković, J., Vuković, S., Šimpraga, M., Frece, J. and Matošić, S. (2003) ‘Adhesion and aggregation ability of probiotic strain Lactobacillus acidophilus M92’, Journal of Applied Microbiology, 94(6), pp. 981–987.
Kumar, S. et al., (2020) ‘Aquaculture in India: Status, challenges, and opportunities’, Aquaculture Research, 51(3), pp. 1–15.
Neilands, J.B. (1995) ‘Siderophores: Structure and function of microbial iron transport compounds’, Journal of Biological Chemistry, 270(45), pp. 26723–26726.
Pathak, R. and Joseph, J. (2021) ‘Antibacterial, antitubercular and anticancer activity of gut-associated Streptomyces enissocaesilis SFA isolated from marine fish Carcharhinus amblyrhynchos’, Research Journal of Biotechnology, 16(1).
Ringø, E. and Gatesoupe, F.J. (1998) ‘Lactic acid bacteria in fish: A review’, Aquaculture, 160(3–4), pp. 177–203.
Rosenberg, M., Gutnick, D., & Rosenberg, E. (1980). Adherence of bacteria to hydrocarbons: A simple method for measuring cell-surface hydrophobicity. FEMS Microbiology Letters, 9(1), 29–33.
Zhou, Z., Zeng, S., Yin, P., & Tian, X. (2023). "The fish gut microbiota: Diversity, functionality, and applications." Microbial Ecology, 85, 119-138.
Citations
|
|
|
