Isolation of Anaerobic Bacteria (Actinobacillus actinomycetemcomitans) and Porphyromonas gingivalis) from Subgingival Plaque and their invitro Susceptibility to Standard Drugs, Seitz Filtered Lyophilized Ethanolic Extract of Terminalia catappa L. and Terminalia chebula L.

Periodontitis affects 65 % 0f the Indian population which leads to coronary heart diseases. The aim of the present study was to isolate anaerobic bacteria – Actinobacillus actinomycetemcomitans and Porphyromonas gingivalis which are strongly associated with periodontitis. After careful removal of supragingival plaque, a pooled sample was taken using sterile paper point and was inoculated in to a test tube containing 1.5ml BHI broth kept at 4°C until the processing procedure was carried out. Tryptic Soy-serum in Bacitracin Vancomycin Agar (TSBV) for Actinobacillus actinomycetemcomitans and Blood agar supplemented with hemin and vitamin are the enriched and selective medium used for Porphyromonas gingivalis. Anaerobic condition was maintained inside the anaerobic jar by placing a Gas pack in it. Indicator tablet was placed inside the jar. After 5-7 days colony morphology was observed. Further characterization by biochemical tests and antibiogram showed that these anaerobic bacteria were highly sensitive to Norfofloxin followed by novobiocon, amoxicillin and gentamycin. Besides these the antibacterial activity of Seitz filtered lyophilized ethanolic extract of Terminalia chebula (Fruit rind) and Terminalia catappa – unripe (Fruit rind) was assayed by two fold Microdilution assay. After 4 days of anaerobic incubations MIC of plant extracts was estimated as 400µg/ml for both the bacteria. The present report seems to be the first successful clinical isolation of the anaerobic bacteria (Actinobacillus actinomycetemcomitans and Porphyromonas gingivalis) from India and the positive efficacy of lyophilized ethanolic extract of two medicinal plants with their MIC value and the sensitivity profile of the isolates to standard antibiotics.

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