National Academy of Agricultural Sciences (NAAS)
|
PRINT ISSN : 2319-7692
Online ISSN : 2319-7706 Issues : 12 per year Publisher : Excellent Publishers Email : editorijcmas@gmail.com submit@ijcmas.com Editor-in-chief: Dr.M.Prakash Index Copernicus ICV 2018: 95.39 NAAS RATING 2020: 5.38 |
Phyconanotechnology, the biosynthesis of nanomaterials using algal biomass and biomolecules, offers a renewable, cost-effective and environmentally benign alternative to physical and chemical fabrication routes. Red algae (Rhodophyta) are rich in natural reducing and stabilizing agents such as polysaccharides, phycobiliproteins, phenolics and pigments that support the synthesis of nanoparticles that additionally show therapeutic value, remarkably reactive oxygenspecies neutralizing and oxidativestress reducing activity. This review focuses the concept of marine algae-derived nanoparticles, particularly surveys on metal nanoparticles synthesized from red algae, including silver, gold, zinc oxide, iron oxide, titanium dioxide and copper oxide nanoparticles. The advantages and limitations of physical and chemical characterization techniques are compared and also outlined the pharmacokinetics of marine algae-derived nanoparticles. This review also highlights the applications of algae-derived nanoparticles in dye degradation.
Ahmad, K., Khan, S., Afridi, M., Hassan, A., Shah, M. M., Rasheed, H.,... & Ifqir, H. (2022). Marine macroalgae polysaccharides-based nanomaterials: An overview with respect to nanoscience applications. Beni-Suef University Journal of Basic and Applied Sciences, 11(1), 156. https://doi.org/10.1186/s43088-022-00335-8
Ahmed, I., Mirza, A. U., Banday, J. A., Mir, F. A., Zainab, K., & Ahmed, S. (2025). Marine-based nanoparticles for bioimaging. In Marine Biopolymers (pp. 385-421). Elsevier. https://doi.org/10.1016/B978-0-443-15606-9.00013-9
Akhtar, K., Khan, S. A., Khan, S. B., & Asiri, A. M. (2018). Scanning electron microscopy: Principle and applications in nanomaterials characterization. In Handbook of Materials Characterization (pp. 113-145). Springer Nature. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-92955-2_4
Alarif, W. M., Shaban, Y. A., Orif, M. I., Ghandourah, M. A., Turki, A. J., Alorfi, H. S., & Tadros, H. R. (2023). Green synthesis of TiO2 nanoparticles using natural marine extracts for antifouling activity. Marine Drugs, 21(2), 62. https://doi.org/10.3390/md21020062
Algotiml, R., Gab-Alla, A., Seoudi, R., Abulreesh, H. H., Ahmad, I., & Elbanna, K. (2022). Anticancer and antimicrobial activity of red sea seaweeds extracts-mediated gold nanoparticles. J Pure Appl Microbiol, 16(1), 207-225. https://doi.org/10.22207/jpam.16.1.11
Anushree, C., Nanda Gopala Krishna, D., & Philip, J. (2021). Efficient dye degradation via catalytic persulfate activation using iron oxide-manganese oxide core-shell particle doped with transition metal ions. Journal of Molecular Liquids, 337, Article 116429 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.molliq.2021.116429
Anvar, S. A., Nowruzi, B., & Afshari, G. (2023). A review of the application of nanoparticles biosynthesized by microalgae and cyanobacteria in medical and veterinary sciences. Iranian Journal of Veterinary Medicine, 17(1), 1-18. https://dx.doi.org/10.32598/ijvm.17.1.1005309
Aziz, A., Shaikh, H., Abbas, A., Zehra, K. E., & Javed, B. (2025). Microscopic techniques for nanomaterials characterization: A concise review. Microscopy Research and Technique, 88(5), 1599-1614. https://doi.org/10.1002/jemt.24799
Aziz, E., Batool, R., Khan, M. U., Rauf, A., Akhtar, W., Heydari, M.,... & Shariati, M. A. (2020). An overview on red algae bioactive compounds and their pharmaceutical applications. Journal of complementary and Integrative Medicine, 17(4). https://doi.org/10.1515/jcim-2019-0203
Babick, F. (2020). Dynamic light scattering (DLS). In Characterization of nanoparticles (pp. 137-172). Elsevier. https://doi.org/10.1016/b978-0-12-814182-3.00010-9
Baskar, G., Palaniyandi, T., Ravi, M., Viswanathan, S., Wahab, M. R. A., Surendran, H.,... & Almutairi, B. O. (2024). Biosynthesis of iron oxide nanoparticles from red seaweed Hypneavalentiae and evaluation of their antioxidant and antitumor potential via the AKT/PI3K pathway. Process Biochemistry, 141, 155-169. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.procbio.2024.03.010
Bhattacharjee, S. (2016). DLS and zeta potential -- What they are and what they are not? Journal of Controlled Release, 235, 337--351. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jconrel.2016.06.017
Borah, D., Rout, J., Gogoi, D., Ghosh, N. N., & Bhattacharjee, C. R. (2022). Composition controllable green synthesis of manganese dioxide nanoparticles using an edible freshwater red alga and its photocatalytic activity towards water soluble toxic dyes. Inorganic Chemistry Communications, 138, 109312. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.inoche.2022.109312
Chan, S. S., Low, S. S., Chew, K. W., Ling, T. C., Rinklebe, J., Juan, J. C.,... & Show, P. L. (2022). Prospects and environmental sustainability of phyconanotechnology: a review on algae-mediated metal nanoparticles synthesis and mechanism. Environmental research, 212, 113140. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.envres.2022.113140
D'Acunto, M., Cioni, P., Gabellieri, E., & Presciuttini, G. (2021). Exploiting gold nanoparticles for diagnosis and cancer treatments. Nanotechnology, 32(19), 192001. https://doi.org/10.1088/1361-6528/abe1ed
de Almeida, P. D. O., Bozorgzadeh, S. A., Martins, I. J. F., & Golbashirzadeh, M. (2025). Marine algae-derived nanoparticles (MADNs): green synthesis, characterization, and therapeutic applications. Discover Applied Sciences, 7(5), 461. https://doi.org/10.1007/s42452-025-06915-4
de Aragao, A. P., de Oliveira, T. M., Quelemes, P. V., Perfeito, M. L. G., Araujo, M. C., Santiago, J. D. A. S.,... & da Silva, D. A. (2019). Green synthesis of silver nanoparticles using the seaweed Gracilariabirdiae and their antibacterial activity. Arabian Journal of Chemistry, 12(8), 4182-4188. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.arabjc.2016.04.014
de Aragao, A. P., de Oliveira, T. M., Quelemes, P. V., Perfeito, M. L. G., Araujo, M. C., Santiago, J. D. A. S.,... & da Silva, D. A. (2019). Green synthesis of silver nanoparticles using the seaweed Gracilariabirdiae and their antibacterial activity. Arabian Journal of Chemistry, 12(8), 4182-4188. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.arabjc.2016.04.014
Dhillon, G. S., Brar, S. K., Kaur, S., & Verma, M. (2012). Green approach for nanoparticle biosynthesis by fungi: current trends and applications. Critical reviews in biotechnology, 32(1), 49-73. https://doi.org/10.3109/07388551.2010.550568
Faisal, S., Abdullah, Rizwan, M., Ullah, R., Alotaibi, A., Khattak, A., Bibi, Y., Abdul-Rauf, & Shah, M. (2022). Paraclostridiumbenzoelyticum bacterium-mediated zinc oxide nanoparticles and their in vivo multiple biological applications. Oxidative Medicine and Cellular Longevity, 2022, 5994033. https://doi.org/10.1155/2022/5994033
Faisal, S., Ullah, R., Alotaibi, A., Zafar, S., Rizwan, M., & Tariq, M. H. (2023). Biofabrication of silver nanoparticles employing biomolecules of Paraclostridiumbenzoelyticum strain: Its characterization and their in‐vitro antibacterial, anti‐aging, anti‐cancer and other biomedical applications. Microscopy Research and Technique, 86(7), 846-861. https://doi.org/10.1002/jemt.24362
Gautam, S. K., Paital, B., & Alsaffar, H. A. A. (2026). Marine-Derived Nanocarriers for Immunomodulatory Drug Delivery: a Review On Convergence of Marine Pharmacology and Nanotechnology. Applied Biochemistry and Biotechnology, 1-24. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12010-026-05830-7
Ghosh, S., & Nandi, S. (2024). A comprehensive review on UV-visible spectroscopy and its application. International Journal of All Research Education and Scientific Methods, 12(1), 1501-1507. https://doi.org/10.1093/hesc/9780198559498.003.0004
Harasym, J., Słota, P., & Pejcz, E. (2025). Phlorotannins from Phaeophyceae: Structural diversity, multi-target bioactivity, pharmacokinetic barriers, and nanodelivery system innovation. Molecules, 30(24), 4733. https://doi.org/10.3390/molecules30244733
Hou, H. J., & Allakhverdiev, S. I. (2023). Overview of recent advances in photosynthesis and nanotechnology. Photosynthesis, 3-8. https://doi.org/10.1016/B978-0-323-98391-4.00009-5
Hua, L., Yin, Z., & Cao, S. (2020). Recent advances in synthesis and applications of carbon-doped TiO2 nanomaterials. Catalysts, 10(12), Article 1431. https://doi.org/10.3390/catal10121431
Ibraheem, I. B. M., Abd-Elaziz, B. E. E., Saad, W. F., & Fathy, W. A. (2016). Green biosynthesis of silver nanoparticles using marine Red Algae Acanthophoraspecifera and its antimicrobial activity. J Nanomed Nanotechnol, 7(409), 1-4. https://doi.org/10.4172/2157-7439.1000409
Imran, M., Jan, H., Faisal, S., Ali Shah, S., Shah, S., Naeem Khan, M., & et al., (2021). In vitro examination of anti-parasitic, anti-Alzheimer, insecticidal and cytotoxic potential of Ajuga bracteosa Wallich leaves extracts. Saudi Journal of Biological Sciences, 28(5), 3031--3036. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.sjbs.2021.02.044
Khan, K. D., Hanif, U., Liaqat, I., Shaheen, S., Awan, U. F., Ishtiaq, S.,... & Khan, M. D. (2022). Application of green silver nanoparticles synthesized from the red seaweeds Halymeniaporphyriformis and Solieria robusta against oral pathogenic bacteria by using microscopic technique. Frontiers in Bioscience-Elite, 14(2), 13. https://doi.org/10.31083/j.fbe1402013
Mansour, A. T., Alprol, A. E., Khedawy, M., Abualnaja, K. M., Shalaby, T. A., Rayan, G.,... & Ashour, M. (2022). Green synthesis of zinc oxide nanoparticles using red seaweed for the elimination of organic toxic dye from an aqueous solution. Materials, 15(15), 5169. https://doi.org/10.3390/ma15155169
Mansour, A. T., Alprol, A. E., Khedawy, M., Abualnaja, K. M., Shalaby, T. A., Rayan, G.,... & Ashour, M. (2022). Green synthesis of zinc oxide nanoparticles using red seaweed for the elimination of organic toxic dye from an aqueous solution. Materials, 15(15), 5169. https://doi.org/10.3390/ma15155169
Marmiroli, M., Villani, M., Scarponi, P., Carlo, S., Pagano, L., Sinisi, V.,... & Marmiroli, N. (2024). Green synthesis of CuO nanoparticles from macroalgae Ulva lactuca and Gracilaria verrucosa. Nanomaterials, 14(13), 1157. https://doi.org/10.3390/nano14131157
Menaa, F., Wijesinghe, U., Thiripuranathar, G., Althobaiti, N. A., Albalawi, A. E., Khan, B. A., & Menaa, B. (2021). Marine algae-derived bioactive compounds: a new wave of nanodrugs?. Marine drugs, 19(9), 484. https://doi.org/10.3390/md19090484
Mohibbullah, M., Haque, M. N., Sohag, A. A. M., Hossain, M. T., Zahan, M. S., Uddin, M. J., Rahman, M. A., Kim, B., & Moon, I. S. (2022). A systematic review on marine algae-derived fucoxanthin: An update of pharmacological insights. Marine Drugs, 20(5): 279. https://doi.org/10.3390/md20050279
Mourdikoudis, S., Pallares, R. M., & Thanh, N. T. K. (2018). Characterization techniques for nanoparticles: Comparison and complementarity upon studying nanoparticle properties. Nanoscale, 10(27), 12871--12934. https://doi.org/10.1039/c8nr02278j
Murugesan, S., Bhuvaneswari, S., & Sivamurugan, V. (2017). Green synthesis, characterization of silver nanoparticles of a marine red alga Spyridia fusiformis and their antibacterial activity. Int J Pharm Pharm Sci, 9(5), 192. https://doi.org/10.22159/ijpps.2017v9i5.17105
Nejati, K., Dadashpour, M., Gharibi, T., Mellatyar, H., & Akbarzadeh, A. (2022). Biomedical applications of functionalized gold nanoparticles: a review. Journal of Cluster Science, 33(1), 1-16. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10876-020-01955-9
Nunes, A., Rilievo, G., Magro, M., Maraschin, M., Vianello, F., & Lima, G. P. P. (2025). Biotechnological applications of biogenic nanomaterials from red seaweed: A systematic review (2014--2024). International Journal of Molecular Sciences, 26(9), 4275. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms26094275
Okkeh, M., Bloise, N., Restivo, E., De Vita, L., Pallavicini, P., & Visai, L. (2021). Gold nanoparticles: can they be the next magic bullet for multidrug-resistant bacteria?. Nanomaterials, 11(2), 312. https://doi.org/10.3390/nano11020312
Pasieczna-Patkowska, S., Cichy, M., & Flieger, J. (2025). Application of Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy in characterization of green synthesized nanoparticles. Molecules, 30(3), 684. https://doi.org/10.3390/molecules30030684
Patterson, A. L. (1939). The Scherrer formula for X-ray particle size determination. Physical Review, 56(10), 978--982. https://doi.org/10.1103/physrev.56.978
Poornima, S., & Valivittan, K. (2017). Degradation of Malachite Green (Dye) by using Photo-Catalytic Biogenic Silver Nanoparticles Synthesized using Red Algae (Gracilariacorticata) Aqueous Extract. Int. J. Curr. Microbiol. App. Sci, 6(1), 62-70. https://doi.org/10.20546/ijcmas.2017.601.008
Prasad R, Pandey R, Barman I. Engineering tailored nanoparticles with microbes: quo vadis? Wiley Interdiscip Rev Nanomed Nanobiotechnol. 2016 Mar-Apr;8(2):316-30. https://doi.org/10.1002/wnan.1363
Rather, M. A., & Mandal, M. (2023). Attenuation of biofilm and quorum sensing regulated virulence factors of an opportunistic pathogen Pseudomonas aeruginosa by phytofabricated silver nanoparticles. Microbial Pathogenesis, 185, Article 106433. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.micpath.2023.106433
Rengasamy, K. R., Mahomoodally, M. F., Aumeeruddy, M. Z., Zengin, G., Xiao, J., & Kim, D. H. (2020). Bioactive compounds in seaweeds: An overview of their biological properties and safety. Food and Chemical Toxicology, 135, 111013. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.fct.2019.111013
Saleh, S. (2019). Metal oxide nanomaterials as photocatalyst for dye degradation. Research & Development in Material Science, 9(2), 990--997. https://doi.org/10.31031/rdms.2019.09.000710
Selvam, G. G., & Sivakumar, K. (2015). Phycosynthesis of silver nanoparticles and photocatalytic degradation of methyl orange dye using silver (Ag) nanoparticles synthesized from Hypneamusciformis (Wulfen) JV Lamouroux. Applied Nanoscience, 5(5), 617-622. https://doi.org/10.1007/s13204-014-0356-8
Shaban, Y. A. (2019). Solar light-induced photodegradation of chrysene in seawater in the presence of carbon-modified n-TiO2 nanoparticles. Arabian Journal of Chemistry, 12(5), 652-663. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.arabjc.2018.01.007
Shah, R. I. D. A., Shah, S. A., Shah, S., Faisal, S., & Ullah, F. (2020). Green synthesis and antibacterial activity of gold nanoparticles of Digera muricata. Indian J Pharm Sci, 82(2), 374-378. https://doi.org/10.36468/pharmaceutical-sciences.659
Sharma, R., Mondal, A. S., & Trivedi, N. (2023). Anticancer potential of algae-derived metabolites: Recent updates and breakthroughs. Future Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences, 9(1): 44. https://doi.org/10.1186/s43094-023-00492-2
Sher, F., Boškailo, E., Smječanin, N., Nemțanu, M. R., Sher, E. K., & Lima, E. C. (2024). Magnetic multifunctional nanomaterials for enhanced transverse chemical and bioanalytical applications–A review. TrAC Trends in Analytical Chemistry, 173, 117622. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.trac.2024.117622
Shrotriya, S. N., Mulgund, S. V., & Avachat, A. M. (2025). Pharmacokinetics of marine-derived actives: A focus on anticancer drugs. In M. Faiyazuddin & K. R. Hakeem (Eds.), Handbook of research in marine pharmaceutics (pp. 535--553). Apple Academic Press. https://doi.org/10.1201/9781003537403-17
Suhaimi, N. A. A., Kong, C. P. Y., Shahri, N. N. M., Nur, M., Hobley, J., & Usman, A. (2022). Dynamics of diffusion- and immobilization-limited photocatalytic degradation of dyes by metal oxide nanoparticles in binary or ternary solutions. Catalysts, 12(10), 1254. https://doi.org/10.3390/catal12101254
Summer, M., Ashraf, R., Ali, S., Bach, H., Noor, S., Noor, Q., Riaz, S., & Khan, R. R. M. (2024). Inflammatory response of nanoparticles: Mechanisms, consequences, and strategies for mitigation. Chemosphere, 363: 142826. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chemosphere.2024.142826
Unsal, V., Ercan, L., & GunbegiCalıskan, C. (2026). Characterization of zinc oxide and iron oxide nanoparticles stabilized with morin hydrate, and investigation and comparison of their antioxidant, antimicrobial, apoptotic, and anticarcinogenic properties. Discover nano, 21(1), 62. https://doi.org/10.1186/s11671-026-04475-z
Vasquez, R. D., Apostol, J. G., de Leon, J. D., Mariano, J. D., Mirhan, C. M. C., Pangan, S. S.,... & Zamora, E. T. (2016). Polysaccharide-mediated green synthesis of silver nanoparticles from Sargassum siliquosum JG Agardh: Assessment of toxicity and hepatoprotective activity. OpenNano, 1, 16-24. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.onano.2016.03.001
Vasyukova, I., Zakharova, O., Chaika, V., Pikula, K., Golokhvast, K., & Gusev, A. (2021). Toxic effect of metal-based nanomaterials on representatives of marine ecosystems: A review. Nanobiotechnology Reports, 16(2), 138--154. https://doi.org/10.1134/s2635167621020178
Visu, G., Muruganantham, N., Anitha, P., Govindharaju, R., & Anusuya, V. (2026). Environmental remediation of dye effluents using Gracilaria edulis (Marine red alga) mediated green synthesized Ag₂O nanoparticles: Impacts on soil and water quality. Environmental Nanotechnology, Monitoring & Management, 101184. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.enmm.2026.101184
Viswanathan, S., Palaniyandi, T., Kannaki, P., Shanmugam, R., Baskar, G., Rahaman, A. M.,... & Sivaji, A. (2023). Biogenic synthesis of gold nanoparticles using red seaweed Champia parvula and its anti-oxidant and anticarcinogenic activity on lung cancer. Particulate Science and Technology, 41(2), 241-249. https://doi.org/10.1080/02726351.2022.2074926
Wang, C. T. (2007). Photocatalytic activity of nanoparticle gold/iron oxide aerogels for azo dye degradation. Journal of Non-Crystalline Solids, 353(11-12), 1126--1133. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jnoncrysol.2006.12.028
Wang, F., Guan, W., Xu, L., Ding, Z., Ma, H., Ma, A., & Terry, N. (2019). Effects of nanoparticles on algae: Adsorption, distribution, ecotoxicity and fate. Applied Sciences, 9(8), 1534. https://doi.org/10.3390/app9081534
Yedoti, V., & Supraja, N. (2024). A review on algal mediated synthesized metallic nanoparticles: an eco-friendly approach for sustainable nanotechnology. Current Journal of Applied Science and Technology, 43(6), 1-10. https://dx.doi.org/10.9734/cjast/2024/v43i64381
Citations
|
|
|
