National Academy of Agricultural Sciences (NAAS)
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PRINT ISSN : 2319-7692
Online ISSN : 2319-7706 Issues : 12 per year Publisher : Excellent Publishers Email : editorijcmas@gmail.com submit@ijcmas.com Editor-in-chief: Dr.M.Prakash Index Copernicus ICV 2018: 95.39 NAAS RATING 2020: 5.38 |
Soil microbial communities are essential for nutrient cycling, maintaining soil fertility, and supporting plant growth. Their numbers can be affected by farming practices and the effects of plant roots on the surrounding soil. This study compared various physical and chemical properties, total bacterial counts, and specific types of bacteria in soils near plant roots (rhizosphere) and in the surrounding soil (non-rhizosphere) from both organic and conventional farms. Soil samples were taken from an organic farm in Thozhpedu, Madurantakam Taluk, Kanchipuram district, Tamil Nadu, which includes fields growing paddy and brinjal. Additionally, samples were collected from conventional paddy fields in Ongur, Tindivanam Taluk, Viluppuram district, Tamil Nadu. The study measured soil pH, electrical conductivity, organic carbon, and the levels of available nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium. Total bacterial numbers were determined using a method that involves diluting soil samples and counting colonies on plates, with three repeated tests for accuracy. Specific bacterial groups were isolated using suitable culture media. The findings showed that the total number of bacteria was consistently higher in rhizosphere soils compared to non-rhizosphere soils. The highest bacterial count was found in the rhizosphere soil of the organic paddy field, with 227.33 ± 35.23 × 10⁴ CFU g⁻¹, whereas the lowest was recorded in the non-rhizosphere soil of the organic brinjal field, at 37.33 ± 4.51 × 10⁴ CFU g⁻¹.A statistical test revealed a significant difference in bacterial populations between rhizosphere and non-rhizosphere soils when all four fields were considered together (Welch's t-test, p < 0.001).These results highlight</mark> the importance of the rhizosphere in supporting a greater diversity and abundance of cultivable bacteria in both organic and conventional farming environments.
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