Follow
International Journal of Current Microbiology and Applied Sciences (IJCMAS)
IJCMAS is now DOI (CrossRef) registered Research Journal. The DOIs are assigned to all published IJCMAS Articles.
Index Copernicus ICI Journals Master List 2023 - IJCMAS--ICV 2023: 95.56 For more details click here
National Academy of Agricultural Sciences (NAAS) : NAAS Score: *5.38 (2020) [Effective from January 1, 2020] For more details click here

Login as a Reviewer


See Guidelines to Authors
Current Issues
Download Publication Certificate

Original Research Articles Volume : 15, Issue : 9, September, 2026

PRINT ISSN : 2319-7692
Online ISSN : 2319-7706
Issues : 12 per year
Publisher : Excellent Publishers
Email : editorijcmas@gmail.com
submit@ijcmas.com
Editor-in-chief: Dr.M.Prakash
Index Copernicus ICV 2018: 95.39
NAAS RATING 2020: 5.38

Int.J.Curr.Microbiol.App.Sci.2026.15(9) : 55-61
DOI : https://doi.org/10.20546/ijcmas.2026.1509.008


Effect of Growth Regulators on Germination Parameters in Diospyros melanoxylon R.

Animesh Kanawjia1, Afaq Majid Wani1, Antony J. Raj1, Sameer Daniel1 and Ritu Prakash Dubey2
1College of Forestry, Sam Higginbottom Institute of Agriculture, Technology and Sciences, Prayagraj-U.P., India
2Department of Food Nutrition and Public Health, NAI, Sam Higginbottom Institute of Agriculture, Technology and Sciences, Prayagraj-U.P. India
*Corresponding author
Abstract:

An experiment was conducted to evaluate the effect of different plant growth regulators on germination parameters of Diospyros melanoxylon L. (tendu) seeds under laboratory conditions. Seeds were soaked for 24 hours in nine treatments comprising distilled water (control), GA₃ (500 and 1000 ppm), IBA (500 and 1000 ppm), IAA (500 and 1000 ppm) and NAA (500 and 1000 ppm). Germination percentage, germination speed, germination value and germination energy were recorded at 2, 6 and 12 months after treatment during two consecutive years and the data were pooled. Significant differences were observed among the treatments for all parameters. GA₃ at 1000 ppm consistently recorded the highest germination percentage (94.25, 90.90 and 85.30% at 2, 6 and 12 months, respectively), followed by GA₃ at 500 ppm. NAA at 1000 ppm ranked next, while distilled water (control) produced the lowest values. Similar superiority of GA₃ 1000 ppm was observed for germination speed, value and energy. The results indicate that pre-sowing soaking of D. melanoxylon seeds in GA₃ at 1000 ppm is highly effective in improving germination attributes and can be recommended for nursery production of this economically important species.


Keywords: Diospyros melanoxylon, GA₃, IBA, IAA, NAA, germination percentage, germination energy, plant growth regulators


References:

Anonymous. (1998). The wealth of India: Raw materials (Vol. 2B, pp. 308–310). Publication and Information Directorate, CSIR, New Delhi.

Babu, B. H., Larkin, A., & Kumar, H. (2018). Effect of plant growth regulators on rooting behavior of stem cuttings of Terminalia chebula (Retz.). International Journal of Current Microbiology and Applied Sciences, 7(8), 2475–2482.

Babu, B. H., Larkin, A., & Kumar, H. (2018). Effect of plant growth regulators on rooting behavior of stem cutting of Terminalia arjuna. Plant Archives, 18(2), 2159–2164.

Bajpai, C. K., Yadav, M. P., & Tewari, R. K. (2006). Effect of time and depth of sowing on germination and seedling growth of Buchnania lanzan Spreng. Indian Journal of Agroforestry, 8(1), 42–50.

Chaubey, A., Prasad, R., Choubey, O. P., & Pant, N. C. (1997). Some aspects of germination studies in Buchnania lanzan Spreng seeds. Journal of Tropical Forestry, 13(2), 65–73.

Chitra, C. R., Anil Kumar, C., & Binda, S. (2010). Germination and storage studies on Oroxylum indicum (L.) Vent. seeds. Journal of Non-Timber Forest Products, 17(2), 179–181.

Hossain, M. A., Arefin, M. K., Khan, B. M., & Rahman, M. A. (2005). Effect of seed treatment on germination and seedling growth attributes of Horitaki (Terminalia chebula Retz.) in nursery. Research Journal of Agriculture and Biological Sciences, 1(2), 135–141.

Imchen, C., Sen, S., Kumar, H., & Marak, J. (2015). Effect of different pretreatment method on seed germination of Gulmohar (Delonix regia). Trends in Biosciences, 8(19), 5105–5110.

Kerishnaveni, K., Sekhar, I., Rajan, P. A., & Rao, G. (2010). Influence of seed fortification treatment with inorganic nutrients and growth regulators on seed and seedling quality characteristics in bamboos (Bambusa bambos). Indian Forester, 136(8), 1006–1012.

Khiamngamang, P., Larkin, A., & Kumar, H. (2017). Effect of different treatments on the germination parameters and seedling quality index of Tectona grandis (Teak) under nursery condition. International Journal of Chemical Studies, 5(5), 2418–2424.

Luna, R. K., & Chamoli, N. (2006). Effect of root trainers size on quality of seedling production in A. procera (Roxb.), E. tereticornis and A. catechu Willd. Annals of Forestry, 14(2), 184–193.

Mundhe, A.D. and Shamet, G.S. 2011. Propagation of soapnut (Sapindus mukorossi) by cuttings and seeds. Indian Forester. 137 (8): 1015-1019.

Narkhede, S.S. 2010. Storage behavior of Simarouba glauca seed under different temperature and containers. Journal of Non Timber Forest Products. 17(2): 183-185

Palani, M., Dasthagis, M.G., Kumaran, K. and Jerlin, R. 1996. Effect of pre sowing treatment on growth attributes of Albizia lebbecki (L). Annals of Forestry. 4(1): 85-88.

Sangma, E. M. T., & Kumar, H. (2015). Effect of different growth regulators and potting media on macro-propagation and morphological appearance of bakul (Mimusops elengi L.). Trends in Biosciences, 8(23), 6399–6407.

Shukla, S. K. and Solanki, K.R. 2000. Studies on seed germinationand plant growth of Chironji (B. lanzan). Journal of Tropical Forestry. 16(1): 44-49.

Singh, Sanjay, Bhandari, A.S., Jharea, S. K. Kunjam, K.K and Shukla, P.K. 2005. Influence of root trainer cell volume and seedling density on planting stock of tropical broad leaved trees. Journal of Tropiacal Forestry. 21(1&2): 17-22.

Som Dutt and Verma, K.S. 2005. Effect of pre sowing treatment on germination of sandal (Santalum album) under laboratory conditions. Annals of Forestry. 13(2): 239-242.

Tewari, R.K. and Bajpai, C.K. 2004. Chironji (Buchanania lanzan). In: Advances in Arid Horticulture Vol. II (Eds. P.L. Saroj and O.P. Awasthi). International Book Distributing Company, Lucknow. pp 93-101.

Troup, R.S. 1921. The silviculture of Indian trees Vol I. Clerendon Press, London. pp. 240-243.

Umarani, R. Bharathi, A. and Karivaratharaju, T.V. 1997. Effect of seed size and depth of seed sowing on germination and seedling growth of Cassurina eqisitifolia. Journal of Tropical Forestry. 10(2): 275-276.

Vijay, Umrao R, Hemant Kumar and Bijalwan, A. Application of Different Growth Media for Production of Quality Planting Stock in Salix alba Linn. International Journal of Current Research in Biosciences and Plant Biology 3(5): 107-112

Download this article as Download

How to cite this article:

Animesh Kanawjia, Afaq Majid Wani, Antony J. Raj, Sameer Daniel and Ritu Prakash Dubey. 2026. Effect of Growth Regulators on Germination Parameters in Diospyros melanoxylon R Int.J.Curr.Microbiol.App.Sci. 15(9): 55-61 doi: https://doi.org/10.20546/ijcmas.2026.1509.008
Copyright: This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike license

Citations

"; var printWin = window.open( '', '', 'scrollbars=yes,width=' + w + ',height=' + h + ',top=' + top + ',left=' + left ); printWin.document.write(html); printWin.document.close(); printWin.focus(); printWin.print(); printWin.close(); }