National Academy of Agricultural Sciences (NAAS)
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PRINT ISSN : 2319-7692
Online ISSN : 2319-7706 Issues : 12 per year Publisher : Excellent Publishers Email : editorijcmas@gmail.com submit@ijcmas.com Editor-in-chief: Dr.M.Prakash Index Copernicus ICV 2018: 95.39 NAAS RATING 2020: 5.38 |
Photosynthetic rate, stomatal conductance, transpiration rate and chlorophyll content are key physiological determinants for productivity in yardlong bean [Vigna unguiculata subsp. sesquipedalis]. The present study evaluated 69 yardlong bean genotypes, six selected parents and their 30 F₁ hybrid generated through diallel mating, for these physiological traits along with pod yield, using a portable photosynthesis system and a chlorophyll content meter. Among the 69 genotypes, photosynthetic rate ranged from 18.72 to 28.70 µmol CO₂ m⁻² s⁻¹, stomatal conductance from 0.25 to 0.66 mol H₂O m⁻² s⁻¹ and transpiration rate from 5.91 to 13.12 mmol H₂O m⁻² s⁻¹. Arka Mangala, Vyjyanthi, Vellayani Jyothika, Lola, VS 28 and VS 54 recorded the highest photosynthetic rates and were subsequently used as parents. Hybrid evaluation revealed pronounced heterotic vigour, with the cross Arka Mangala × Vellayani Jyothika (P₁ × P₃) recording the highest pod yield (1149.58 g), photosynthetic rate (32.86 µmol CO₂ m⁻² s⁻¹) and chlorophyll content (56.92), substantially exceeding the mean of parents and the standard check (Iris superlong-77). Most hybrids exceeded the parental mean for all four physiological traits, indicating that hybridization between physiologically superior parents enhances gas-exchange efficiency and pod yield. The results confirm that photosynthetic rate, stomatal conductance and transpiration rate are reliable physiological selection criteria for identifying high-yielding, heterotic combinations in yardlong bean breeding programmes.
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