Antimicrobial Resistance in Escherichia coli
Jyotsna Joy* and M. Shanmugavadivu
PG and Research Department of Biotechnology, Dr.N.G.P. Arts and Science College, Coimbatore, Tamil Nadu, India
*Corresponding author
Abstract:
Escherichia coli multidrug resistance is becoming an alarming worldwide issue in veterinary well-being in addition to human medicine. Almost all to treat essential antimicrobial drugs can naturally create Escherichia coli to become aware. However, this bacterial species can rapidly acquire resistance genes, primarily through the horizontal transfer of genes. The most problematic mechanisms in E. coli correspond to the acquisition of genes coding for extended spectrum β?lactamases, carbapenemases, 16S rRNA methylases, plasmid?mediated quinolone resistance (PMQR) genes, and mobilized colistin resistance (MCR) genes. Although the spread of carbapenemase genes has been mainly recognized in the human sector but poorly recognized in animals, colistin resistance in E. coli seems rather to be related to the use of colistin in veterinary medicine on a global scale. Though genetic studies show that the extended-spectrum β-lactamase producers found in animals are different from those that afflict humans, the cross-transfer of these resistance traits between the human and animal sectors is still a source of contention Resistance genes appeared to spread mostly by plasmids, especially multi - resistance plasmids, but also through other movable elements in gene including gene cassettes and transposons in class 1 and class 2 integrous.
Keywords: Multidrug resistance, Escherichia coli, carbapenemase genes, colistin, dissemination of resistance genes
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