National Academy of Agricultural Sciences (NAAS)
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PRINT ISSN : 2319-7692
Online ISSN : 2319-7706 Issues : 12 per year Publisher : Excellent Publishers Email : editorijcmas@gmail.com / submit@ijcmas.com Editor-in-chief: Dr.M.Prakash Index Copernicus ICV 2018: 95.39 NAAS RATING 2020: 5.38 |
Tobacco use is an important risk factor in the cause of oral cancer, as it is the most popular preventable cause of death, hence, the need for members of the public to know how its consumption impact them negatively, so as to protect themselves from its dangers. This study was conducted to determine the cytopathological changes in the oral smears of tobacco users in Oyo state. A total of 205 participants, which consisted of 95 males and 45 females tobacco users, and 35 males and 30 females non-tobacco users (served as controls), were recruited for this study. Buccal smear specimen was collected on a clean, grease-free slide using Ayre’s spatula. The slides were stained using Papanicolaou staining technique, and viewed with light microscope to examine their cytomorphological appearances. In addition, prevalence of different cellular morphological appearance in tobacco users and non-users was tested using chi-square. The p values at less than 0.05 were considered significant. The cytopathological features observed were increased micronuclei, binucleation, karyorrhexis, karyolysis, pyknosis, and perinuclear halo were observed in the oral smears of tobacco users when compared with the non-tobacco users. The occurrence of normal cells showed a very high value , indicating a highly significant difference between tobacco users and non-users, which suggests that normal cells are significantly less prevalent in tobacco users compared to the control group. However, cell types such as KH - Karyorrhesis (p = 0.030), PN - Pyknosis , PH - Perinuclear Halo , and BC - Binucleated Cell all exhibited statistically significant differences between tobacco users and non-users. This implies that these cell types are more prevalent in test group compared to the control, which suggest that while certain cell types, such as KH, PN, PH, and BC, are significantly affected by tobacco usage, others, like CG, KL, and MN do not show a statistically significant difference between tobacco users and non-users. It can be safely concluded that tobacco use greatly caused alteration of cytology of buccal cavity of tobacco users, leading to appearance of cytopathological features such as binucleation, karyorrhexis, karyolysis, pyknosis, and micronuclei.
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