National Academy of Agricultural Sciences (NAAS)
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PRINT ISSN : 2319-7692 Online ISSN : 2319-7706 Issues : 12 per year Publisher : Excellent Publishers Email : editorijcmas@gmail.com / submit@ijcmas.com Editor-in-chief: Dr.M.Prakash Index Copernicus ICV 2018: 95.39 NAAS RATING 2020: 5.38 |
Anammox (an abbreviation for anaerobic ammonium oxidation) is a reaction where specialized microorganisms with anamoxasomes carry out coupled oxidation reduction process where ammonium is oxidized, and nitrite is reduced to form dinitrogen. Here, nitrite is used as the electron acceptor under anoxic conditions. Anamoxasomes (phylum Planctomycetes) are strict anaerobes hence oxygen is not required for this process for treating nitrogen-rich wastewater. The Anammox process was discovered by Mulder in 1995 to avoid the need to add additional COD (chemical oxygen demand) to the system, it functions as an effective and affordable biological nutrient removal procedure in wastewater treatment. It is mainly done to protect the quality of the water body that it is discharged into. Algal bloom which is caused by fixed nitrogen such as ammonium and nitrate is avoided. Anammox is used as a better alternative approach for the removal of nitrogen from wastewater treatment as the bacteria requires less energy, reduces CO2 emissions, produces less excess sludge. It is also known as a low-energy consuming and ecofriendly technology. We can also observe increasing importance of anammox process. Therefore, this study reviews and discusses the current developments in anammox combined processes and its impact on wastewater treatment techniques.
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