National Academy of Agricultural Sciences (NAAS)
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PRINT ISSN : 2319-7692
Online ISSN : 2319-7706 Issues : 12 per year Publisher : Excellent Publishers Email : editorijcmas@gmail.com / submit@ijcmas.com Editor-in-chief: Dr.M.Prakash Index Copernicus ICV 2018: 95.39 NAAS RATING 2020: 5.38 |
Transposable elements, found in almost all organisms, are short sequences of DNA that have the ability to move from one location to the other locations in the genome. Transposons make up 10% of eukaryotic genomes. They provide a means for genomic change and variation, particularly in response to stress (McClintock’s stress hypothesis).There is no known example of transposon playing a normal role in development. They are called as selfish DNA and can be used as genetic markers, as mutagens for transposon tagging and isolation of gene, as transformation vectors and as cloning vehicle. Transposons are potent forces of genetic change and have a significant aspect in the evolution of many genomes. DNA transposons can be used as genetic tools to introduce a piece of foreign DNA into any genome. They have been utilized for transgenesis and insertional mutagenesis in diverse organisms, as these elements are not generally dependent on host factors to facilitate their mobility. Thus, DNA transposons are powerful tools to analyze the regulatory genome, study the development of embryo, identify genes and pathways involved in disease or pathogenesis of pathogens, and helps in gene therapy. Transposons are used for gene cloning since insertion of a transposon into a gene upsets its function which develops a visible mutant phenotype. When the DNA sequence of the transposon is known, it is possible to clone the disrupted gene by employing the transposable element as a tag to locate the segment of DNA possessing the element. Transposon tagging involves initiating transposition, screening for mutations caused by transposon insertion, discovering the element responsible for the developed mutation, and cloning the tagged gene.
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