In a view of the importance of KISS1 as a regulator of puberty onset. Polymorphisms of KISS1 was studied to understand the relationship with high prolificacy and sexual precocity of Black Bengal goat breed. The various genotypes of KISS1 gene were identified using RFLP and gene and genotype frequencies were estimated. The maximum gene frequency for Black Bengal goat was observed for G allele (93%) of Sac II RE where as it was minimum for T allele (3%) at the same locus. The gene frequency of G allele was 80% and for C allele was 20% for Acl I RE. The gene frequency of T allele was 39% and for A allele was 61% for Dra III RE. The maximum genotype frequency was found in GG genotype (93%) of Black Bengal goat by Sac II RE where as it was minimum for GT allele (7%) at the same locus. The genotype frequency of GG was 60% and for GC was 40% for Acl I RE. The genotype frequency of TT, TA and AA was 14%, 50% and 36% respectively for Dra III RE. In present investigation it was found that frequency of allele G and T was high and favoured by the natural selection. It can be concluded that three variations in KISS1 gene may play an important role in litter size in native goat breeds of Black Bengal but further research on a large population will be required to confirm the linkage with increased prolificacy in goats.