The present investigation was to identify and document some of the plant species used for medicinal purposes by the rural communities of Tiruchirappalli District, Tamilnadu, South India. The study was conducted among the rural community of Tiruchirappalli district through survey, personal interviews and field visits along with the informants during 2012 - 2014. A total of 144 plant species distributed in 102 genera belonging to 45 families used to cure various ailments by this community. The present survey offers a model for studying the relationship between plants and human beings and also traditional remedies of vast therapeutic importance. The study also gathers a broad spectrum of information concerning medicinal plants used by rural community