For many, many years, and in fact still in many areas bacterial vaginosis is really known as non-specific vaginitis. Several studies have linked BV to an increased risk of acquisition of sexually transmitted diseases (STDs) and human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)/acquired immune deficiency syndrome as well as a number of gynaecological complications. In particular, it is important to know whether vaginal flora changes may enhance HIV acquisition as suggested, and to unravel some of the factors that influence such changes, as these could be perhaps modified. The present observational and prospective study was conducted in the Microbiology department at a Tertiary care Hospital, situated in India. Two hundred and fifty women of reproductive age group (15 45 years) formed the study population. Amsel s Clinical criteria and Nugent s microbiological criteria for diagnosis of BV were used. Total Prevalence of Vaginitis in HIV Positive women was 6.4 %(16/250).Out of this, prevalence in HIV Positive women with BV was 4% ( 10/250), with Candida vaginitis prevalence was 2.4% ( 6/250) and, with Trichomonas vaginitis prevalence was 0%. 0.8 %(2/250) HIV Positive women showed normal vaginal flora i.e. no vaginitis. BV is one of the most frequent conditions encountered in sexually transmitted diseases (STD), genitourinary medicine (GUM) or other reproductive health clinics throughout the world. Vaginal flora changes may enhance HIV acquisition. Lactobacilli dominated vaginal ecology may be an important defense against pathogen acquisition. Women with bacterial vaginosis are more likely than women with normal vaginal flora to acquire infection due to HIV.