National Academy of Agricultural Sciences (NAAS)
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PRINT ISSN : 2319-7692
Online ISSN : 2319-7706 Issues : 12 per year Publisher : Excellent Publishers Email : editorijcmas@gmail.com / submit@ijcmas.com Editor-in-chief: Dr.M.Prakash Index Copernicus ICV 2018: 95.39 NAAS RATING 2020: 5.38 |
The study was undertaken with an objective to evaluate the effect of drying techniques on functional properties and chemical composition of okara (soybean processing byproduct). The predefined drying techniques like oven, freeze and solar tunnel drying were followed and their effect on the physico-chemical properties of okara were studied. Fresh okara was extracted, processed (dried) and powdered from variety PS-1347. However, fresh okara showed higher protein solubility as compared to okara powders irrespective of drying techniques but freeze dried okara had highest protein solubility followed by oven dried and solar tunnel dried okara powders. Water holding capacity was increased due to drying as compared to fresh okara and freeze dried okara powder showed maximum water holding capacity. Drying also decreased significantly the bulk density with minimum values in freeze dried okara powder. However, drying significantly increased the phytic acid contents, total phenolic contents, protein digestibility and antioxidant activities as compared to fresh okara, but freeze drying technique showed lowest value for phytic acid and highest values for total phenolic contents, protein digestibility and antioxidant activities among all the drying methods. However, moisture, protein and ash content in all the three types of dried okara powders were statistically similar, but fat content was higher in oven dried and minimum in freeze dried okara powder. Freeze dried okara powder had maximum content of crude, total dietary fibre, soluble and insoluble dietary fibre, whereas oven dried okara powder had minimum content of total dietary, soluble and insoluble dietary fibre. Total calcium, phosphorus, potassium and iron content and available calcium and iron contents were found abundantly in freeze dried okara powder. It is concluded that freeze drying is better technique with improved physico-chemical properties of okara powder as compared to oven and solar tunnel drying.
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