National Academy of Agricultural Sciences (NAAS)
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PRINT ISSN : 2319-7692
Online ISSN : 2319-7706 Issues : 12 per year Publisher : Excellent Publishers Email : editorijcmas@gmail.com / submit@ijcmas.com Editor-in-chief: Dr.M.Prakash Index Copernicus ICV 2018: 95.39 NAAS RATING 2020: 5.38 |
Large or Black cardamom (Amomum subulatum Roxb.) is commercially cultivated in Nepal and India. As many as 25 diseases have been reported till date. Based on severity, spread and extent of damage, these are grouped as major and minor disease occurring in main plantation and in nursery. The plant is prone to several diseases among which fungal and viral diseases cause significant loss to yield. The fungal diseases are prevalent from the nursery to plantation field. Among them four major diseases in plantations and two major diseases in nursery seriously affect plant and cause considerable crop damage. Disease can alone cause upto 50% crop loss if not managed properly. The major fungal nursery disease are Nursery Leaf Spot (Phyllostictaelettariae), Nursery Leaf Rot (Fusarium spp. and Alternaria spp.) and Damping off or Seedling rot (Pythium vexans) while the plantation disease includes Azhukal or Capsule Rot (Phytophthora nicotianae/ Phytophthora meadii) and Rhizome Rot (Rhizoctonia solani) and minor fungal diseases are Leaf Blotch, Stem lodging and Capsule tip rot. Among them Nursery leaf spot, Capsule rot and Leaf blight has caused much damage. Sikkim suffers a lot from the disease of Leaf blight. Management of nursery disease is a challenging problem. These diseases spread rapidly causing the nursery destruction. Since the fungal disease are mainly associated with environmental condition, integrated disease management plays a significant role which in combination forms cultural, chemical and biological control measures.
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