Cotri prophylaxis is a simple, inexpensive intervention and is the standard of treatment in developed countries, but there are no clear guidelines for its use in resource-limited countries. CYP2C9 is a polymorphically expressed enzyme responsible for the metabolism of several clinically important drugs, some of which have a low therapeutic index, and N- acetyltransferase (NAT) is a key enzyme in the conjugation of certain drugs and other xenobiotics with an arylamine structure. Studies have shown that genetic predispositions can induce side effects. This is how we envisaged in this work, the study of the polymorphism of the NAT2 and CYP2C9 genes with the aim of establishing a procedure manual for the study of the polymorphism of these genes on the side effects of Cotrimoxazole. The informed consent of 66 patients enabled us to take a blood sample. The samples were placed on filter paper for DNA extraction by the Chelex 100 method at LAPHER-Biotech in Yaoundé. After extraction, the SNPs of the genes were detected by RLFP-PCR. Thus, the enzymes BamHI, KpnI, Taqα-1 for the SNPs of the NAT2 gene and the enzyme BslNI for the CYP2C9 were used for digestion. The present study results showed a participation rate for women well above the rate for men, ie 67.16% against 31.64%. Average age is 43,32±28,28 years. A genotypic predominance of NAT2 * 5/6 was observed, i.e. a frequency of 28.78% (19/66) for NAT2, and CYP2C9 * 3 at 97% (64/66) for Cytochrome P450. Was NAT2 * 4 or 42.42% and a phenotypic predominance of slow acetylators, or 56.71%. Out of 66 patients surveyed 16.7% had side effects, so the occurrence of side effects due to Cotrimoxazole in seropositive patients is not strongly related to polymorphisms of NAT2 (OR = 0.454, P-value = 0.263) and CYP2C9 (OR = 0.74, and P-value = 0.38) in slow acetethylators in this study.

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