Sericulture is an art of rearing silkworm for the production of cocoons which is the raw material for the production of silk. Silk is the queen of fabrics, starting from the Vedas to this day. India is the second largest producer of raw silk in the world next to China. India’s raw silk production was 1450 tonnes in 2014-15. Mulberry raw silk contributes about 85 per cent the total silk production in India. The total area of mulberry in the country is around 282244 hectares. The area under mulberry plantation and raw silk production of Maharashtra is 4504 hectares and Marathwada is 200 tonnes and 444 hectares 10.53 tonnes respectively. India also the largest importer of raw silk and largest consumer of the silk in the world. Sericulture has a remarkable advantage of simultaneously addressing several governments of India’s development properties related to economic growth and social development. Sericulture is an important agro based rural industry that helps our economy and generates higher income and employment. It is practiced in a wide range of agro-climatic regions. In fact, the recent technological advancements have made it possible to practice it on an intensive scale, mainly due to increased profits obtained from it as compared to most of the crops and enterprises. Multistage sampling design was adopted in selection of district, tehsil, villages and sericulture producers. In first stage, Osmanabad district was selected in Osmanabad district, Osmanabad and Kalam tehsils were selected. Five villages from each tehsils were selected. Sixty sericulture producers were selected. The data were collected during the year 2015-2016 from 1^st July, 2015 to 30^th June 2016.The analytical techniques like tabular analysis, functional analysis, and frequency and percentage method were used to analyze the data in the present study. A gross return was found to be Rs 43135 from per field and Rs 74370.62 from per hectare of mulberry garden, Cost-C was Rs 36901.45 and Rs 63623.19 from per field and per hectare, respectively. In regards to the cocoon production gross return from the 3.48 batches was Rs 78895.19 and from one batch was Rs 22670.00 Total cost was Rs 49707.11 and Rs 14283.34 from 3.48 and one batch, respectively. Net profit from 3.48 batches was Rs 29187.98 and from one batch was Rs 8387.18. The output-input ratio was 1.58. Per kg cost of production was found to be Rs 200.75.

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