National Academy of Agricultural Sciences (NAAS)
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PRINT ISSN : 2319-7692
Online ISSN : 2319-7706 Issues : 12 per year Publisher : Excellent Publishers Email : editorijcmas@gmail.com / submit@ijcmas.com Editor-in-chief: Dr.M.Prakash Index Copernicus ICV 2018: 95.39 NAAS RATING 2020: 5.38 |
The World Health Organization declared Covid-19 as a pandemic on March 11, 2020. It is of prime interest of a public health concern and global emergency to control its transmission. Covid-19 is caused by severe acute respiratory distress syndrome-coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2) which is highly infectious agent from Corona virus family which is having many pathogenic forms like MERS-CoV & SARS-CoV experienced during past outbreaks. The disease may be transmitted by either by COVID-19-positive individuals or from a contaminated environment. SARS-CoV-2 is thought to commonly spread through respiratory droplets mainly by coughing and sneezing of an infected patient and there is a strong possibility of community transmission. Primarily, there are two methods of transmission of COVID-19 specifically direct and indirect. The direct mode includes transmission via aerosols or in the form of respiratory droplet nuclei; other body fluids and secretions (for example, feces, saliva, urine, semen, and tears) and via from mother to child. Indirect transmission may occur through fomites or surfaces present within the immediate environment of an infected patient and objects used on the infected person. Transmission dynamics of COVID-19 are heterogeneous with a major role for super spreading events in sustaining the epidemic. Based on the reported literature, studies revealed that COVID-19 is primarily transmitted human-to-human via oral and respiratory aerosols and droplets with the virus-contaminated environment play a lesser role in the propagation of disease. Besides this there are several modes of transmission reported. This review paper elaborates briefly about different modes of transmission of COVID-19 virus in the community and proposes measures to diminish the danger of spread within population.
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