National Academy of Agricultural Sciences (NAAS)
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PRINT ISSN : 2319-7692 Online ISSN : 2319-7706 Issues : 12 per year Publisher : Excellent Publishers Email : editorijcmas@gmail.com / submit@ijcmas.com Editor-in-chief: Dr.M.Prakash Index Copernicus ICV 2018: 95.39 NAAS RATING 2020: 5.38 |
Black gram is an important pulse crop in India. It is a major source of dietary protein for the poor people and provides nutritional security. It is mostly grown by the small and marginal farmers under resource constraints situation particularly in rainfed and rice fallow conditions. Black gram yield is low due to various reasons includes poor management practices, various physiological, biochemical as well as inherent factors associated with the crop. Insufficient partitioning of assimilates, flower dropping and poor pod setting are mainly due to lack of nutrients during critical stages of crop growth resulted in poor yield. To improve the productivity of black gram, foliar spray of nutrients and growth hormones at reproductive stage could be followed. It would help the nutrients and hormones to reach the site of food synthesis directly, leading quick supply of food improves the performance of the crop. Many field trials confirmed that foliar spray of 2% urea, 2% DAP, 1% KCl either alone or in combinations registered significant increase in growth, yield attributes, grain yield and net return of black gram. Use of micronutrients like 0.5% FeSO4, 0.5% ZnSO4 or 0.5% chelated micronutrients also noticed to increase the productivity. Complex fertilizers, 19:19:19 or 18:18:18 NPK at 1-2 % foliar spray found to be beneficial in black gram. Indigenous organic preparation, panchagavya foliar spray at 3% showed advantages in improving the productivity of black gram. Growth hormones like NAA and salicylic acids are used to alleviate the major physiological constraints particularly flower and fruit drop. Foliar spray of NAA 30-50 ppm and salicylic acid at 100-150 ppm found to be enough to increase the yield attributes and yield of black gram. Pulse wonder, a booster with nutrients and growth regulators developed by Department of Physiology, TNAU, Coimbatore used as a foliar spray at 1% peak flowering registered significantly higher grain yield of black gram over control.
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