The present investigation was carried out to study the correlation between seed yield and yield contributing characters and to know the direct and indirect effects of different traits on seed yield. Forty-two genotypes of Sesamum were study the observations were recorded for the characters viz; days to 50 % flowering, days to maturity, plant height at maturity (cm), number of branches per plant, number of capsules per plant, number of seeds per capsule, 1000 seed weight (g), oil content (%) and seed yield per plant (g). Correlation study revealed that seed yield per plant had positive and significant correlations with number of capsules per plant, number of branches per plant, number of seeds per capsule, plant height at maturity, oil content and non-significant positive correlations with days to maturity. While, it was showed negative and significant correlations with days to 50% flowering. Further analysis by path coefficient method indicated that at genotypic, phenotypic and environmental level, 1000 seed weight, number of capsules per plant, number of branches per plant, oil content and number of seeds per capsule exerted high positive direct effect on seed yield per plant indicating that they are the most important yield related traits in sesame. Path analysis revealed that number of seeds per capsule had the highest positive direct effect (0.7276). It exhibited positive and significant correlation with seed yield per plant indicating its true and perfect association with seed yield. In addition to the number of capsules per plant, 1000 seed weight, oil content had positive direct effect on seed yield per plant. Days to maturity, number of branches per plant, plant height at maturity and days to 50% flowering had negative direct effect on the seed yield per plant. Positive and direct effects were exerted by, number of seeds per capsule, number of capsules per plant, 1000 seed weight and oil content on seed yield per plant. While, negative direct effect were exerted by days to maturity, number of branches per plant, plant height at maturity and days to 50% flowering on seed yield per plant. Characters, number of seeds per capsule and number of capsules per plant had positive direct effects and strong correlation with seed yield per plant indicating that they are more important yield related traits at both genotypic and phenotypic level.

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