The study was conducted on 67 client-owned dogs affected with Keratoconjunctivitis Sicca (KCS) to evaluate the expression of Caspase-3 and Interferon gamma in conjunctival cells.  After complete ophthalmic examinations cases were staged into Early (E), Late (L) and ulcer group (R). Conjunctival scrapings for immunocytochemical expression of Caspase-3 and INF gamma and tissue samples for histopathological confirmation of KCS were collected from early KCS, late KCS and apparently healthy animals. The prevalence of KCS cases was found to be 3.33% (67/1997) in dogs. Corneal ulcers (R) due to KCS constituted 38 % (27), early KCS 36% (24) and late KCS 24% (16) among cases. Cases with early and late stages of KCS were having significantly (0.05%) high expression for Caspase 3 and INF gamma as compared to apparently healthy animals.  In Group E, 89.33% and 85.04% of cells were found positive for Caspase -3 and interferon gamma, respectively. In group L 25.57% and 85.05% of cells were found positive for Caspase -3 and interferon gamma, respectively. Immunocytochemical findings of present study corroborated T cell proliferation and apoptosis as major pathological events at different stages of KCS.

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