Febrile illnesses in children are a common cause of admission to hospital globally, with significant associated morbidity and mortality. The present study was mainly focussed to determine the bacterial agents causing febrile illnesses in children between 1 month to 12 years of age, and their antimicrobial susceptibility pattern and also to find out the distribution of different bacterial isolates among the study population. It is a hospital based descriptive study conducted on a sample size of total of 526 paediatric patients having febrile illnesses were taken as a study population. Different clinical samples blood, pus, urine, cerebrospinal fluid, stool, gastric aspirate, sputum, throat swab, ear swab and pleural fluid were collected constituted the material for this study and by using standard microbiological procedures to study morphological characteristics, cultural and biochemical characteristics the pathogens were identified in the samples. BacT/ALERT system was checked for any blood culture bottles. VITEK 2 system was used to identify the gram-negative bacilli using ID-GNB card. Majority of the samples from Gram-negative belonged to the age group of 1-3 years. In case of Gram- positive, more samples belonged to the age group 7-9 years (33%). Most of the isolates belonged to the age groups of 1year-3years and 4-6 years and 7-9 years. E. coli (56.3%) followed by S. aureus (21.9%) and Salmonella typhi (9.4%) were the most common isolates in the younger age group (1year-3 years) whereas S. aureus (53.8%) followed by E. coli (30.8%) predominated the older age group (7-9 years). Staphylococcus aureus showed high level resistance to Penicillin (63.6%) whereas they were sensitive to Vancomycin (45.45%) which are in accordance to the study of Rahbar et al.,^[15] found that S. aureus were resistant to penicillins (82.6%) but sensitive to Cotrimoxazole and Vancomycin. In this study, E.coli showed high resistance to Cotrimoxazole (46.4%), Ceftriaxone (39.3%) and showed sensitivity to Amikacin (78.57) whereas Klebsiella pneumoniae showed similar trends except that it was also resistant to Amoxicillin-Clavulanic acid (60%). Salmonella typhi showed high resistance to Amikacin (21.4%), while it showed sensitivity to Imipenem (78.57%). A regular epidemiological study of pathogenic culture isolates and determination of susceptibility to antibiotics is necessary in order to guide the clinicians to and choose the appropriate empirical therapy and switch over to the best regime based on the antibiotic susceptibility pattern to improve the overall outcome of the patient’s health.

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