Agriculture is the backbone of the Indian economy. The geographical position of India has been very friendly for agricultural activities. The physical factors existing in India such as climate, soil, and relief became very helpful in the cultivation of so many crops. So from long past, the Indians had taken agriculture as their basic means of livelihood. In the coming years it will be essential to increase food productivity in developing countries especially India. This however requires finding viable solutions to a number of complex technical, institutional and policy issues including land markets, research on seeds and inputs: agricultural extension; credit; rural infrastructure; storage connection to markets; rural nonfarm employment and food price stabilization. This paper reviews the state of agriculture in the past 100 years in India and state of Punjab. Moreover it discussed the development of agriculture from early 1900 to 2019 and the role played by agriculture in the development process and the interactions between agriculture and other economic sectors; the determinants of the Green revolution and discuss the foundations of agriculture growth in India and Punjab; the rural development along with the effect of green revolution in the economic development of the country.

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