National Academy of Agricultural Sciences (NAAS)
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PRINT ISSN : 2319-7692
Online ISSN : 2319-7706 Issues : 12 per year Publisher : Excellent Publishers Email : editorijcmas@gmail.com / submit@ijcmas.com Editor-in-chief: Dr.M.Prakash Index Copernicus ICV 2018: 95.39 NAAS RATING 2020: 5.38 |
Pulse crops are an integral part of Indian agricultural economy next to the cereals and oilseeds in terms of production, productivity and economic value. These crops are richest source of protein and energy but in India such crops are largely cultivated under energy starved and polluted conditions, resulting affecting the metabolic activity and limiting the yield. Agricultural soil contaminated by heavy metals becomes a severe environmental issue in this day due to its potential adverse ecological effects. Crop plants faced oxidative stress upon exposure to heavy metals and metalloids which leads to cellular damage. Chromium, Cadmium and Zinc are widely used in industrial purpose and considered as very dangerous environmental pollutants that contaminates soil and water. In the nature, Chromium exists in two valence forms viz., Cr3+ and Cr6+, chromite mineral which is mainly composed of Cr6+ is more toxic and mobile than Cr3+. Cadmium belongs to the first class of dangerous goods in terms of environmental risk, toxicity, mobility and the ability to accumulate in food chain. Zinc is an essential micronutrient required for optimum growth of crop plants but it plays toxic role to plants when present in soil at elevated concentration. Polluted soil has posed a serious issue to sustainable agriculture and human health worldwide; its affects the plant growth and enzymatic activities as well. Metabolic hindrances by chromium have also been described in crops by direct effect of enzymes and by producing ROS may cause oxidative stress. Phytoremediation has received a great deal of attention in recent years which include phytoextraction, phytostabilization, rhizoï¬ltration and phytovolatilization considered a promising, energy and cost effective way to rehabilitate metal-contaminated environments. In addition, the use of tolerance genotypes against metals toxic soil is one of the key eco-friendly approaches to enhance the yield of pulse crops.
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