National Academy of Agricultural Sciences (NAAS)
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PRINT ISSN : 2319-7692
Online ISSN : 2319-7706 Issues : 12 per year Publisher : Excellent Publishers Email : editorijcmas@gmail.com / submit@ijcmas.com Editor-in-chief: Dr.M.Prakash Index Copernicus ICV 2018: 95.39 NAAS RATING 2020: 5.38 |
False smut of rice caused by Ustilaginoidea virens, perfect sexual stage Villosiclava virens. Ustilaginoidea virens belongs Division – Ascomycota, Class – Sordariomycetes, Order – Hypocreales, Family – Incertaesedis. The yield losses due to RFS 1 -75% is measured. The symptoms are visible only after flowering when the fungus transforms into globose structures or yellowed carbonaceous masses of individual grains of panicle. These masses are dusty representing more than twice in diameter of normal grain. At early stage, development of fungus areshow yellow and then changed in dark green or almost black color, and explode releasing the spores of the fungal causal agent. The pathogen survives both in seed and also in collateral host. The fungus by the means of sclerotia and chlamydospores overwinters in soil. Ascospores produce by sclerotiaare primary source of infection to rice plants, whereas air-borne chlamydospores may cause secondary infection. The seed should be treated through biological control agents like Trichoderma viride, Trichoderma virens, Trichoderma harzianum and Trichoderma reesei against Ustilaginoidea virens find more effective to control diseases. Growing of resistant hybrids variety like VNR-211, GK-5025, HRI-140, IRH-74, PRSH-9018, KPH-467, RH-10428, 27P64 and KRH-4. By spraying of Carbenadazim 50% WP (0.1 %) at the booting stage. Treatment with Copper Oxy Chloride (Blitox) 50 WP (0.3%) and Propiconazole (tilt) 25 EC (0.1%) were found as the most effective to control false smut.
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