National Academy of Agricultural Sciences (NAAS)
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PRINT ISSN : 2319-7692
Online ISSN : 2319-7706 Issues : 12 per year Publisher : Excellent Publishers Email : editorijcmas@gmail.com / submit@ijcmas.com Editor-in-chief: Dr.M.Prakash Index Copernicus ICV 2018: 95.39 NAAS RATING 2020: 5.38 |
In recent years, water resources have decreased and water saving has become an important issue in a semiarid agro-ecosystem of north-western IGP. The objective of this research was to evaluate the outcome of irrigation schedules and crop establishment techniques on physiological processes, biomass, yield, and IPAR, RUE and water productivity of wheat (Triticum aestivum (L.) under five crop establishment techniques with five irrigation schedules allotted in split plot design and replicated thrice Results showed that furrow irrigated raised beds (FIRB) and irrigation applied at CRI + 50 mm CPE registered significantly highest net photosynthesis rate (27.04 and 27.10µmol m-2 S-1),net transpiration rate (8.17 and 10.25 m mol m-2 S-1) and lowest canopy temperature of wheat leaves during 2014–15 and 2015–16 as compared to conventional tillage (CT). The RUE of the crop ranged from 0.442 to 0.558 g MJ-1. Canopy temperature at grain filling stage was more imperative than canopy temperature at vegetative stage in relation with grain yield. Among tillage practices, ZT and FIRB practices reduced the system irrigation water requirement by 79-82 mm ha−1 and 166-168 mm ha−1 respectively, compared to CT system, resulting an enhanced grain yield by 10.3-12.6%, biomass yield by 10.1-11.8%, IPAR by 11.3–13.5%, respectively. Wheat planted on bed (FIRBS) and irrigation applied at CRI + 50 mm CPE evidenced significantly higher grain yield by 12–19% during 2014–15 and 2015–16 crop seasons. Water use efficiency (WUE) (144.6 and 155.4 kg ha-cm−1) and water productivity (WP) (4.3 and 4.5 kg m−3) perceived highest under FIRB by using lower total consumptive use of water (35.71 and 35.45 cm) during the respective crop seasons. Thus the consumptive use (CU) was around 6–12%, lower under FIRBS as compared to other crop establishment techniques. Application of irrigation at CRI + IW:CPE = 0.75 resulted in highest WUE (129.0 and 140.0 kg ha-cm−1) and WP (4.2 and 4.4 kg m−3) with minimum water used (37.41 and 36.22 cm) during 2014–15 and 2015–16, respectively in contrast to other two moisture regimes.
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